The Transistor as an amplifier

The Transistor as an amplifier is one function of the amount of the transistor, apart from functions use the transistor as a switch too of course.  The current existence of a transistor in an electronic device is a must, for example, Tone Control, Amplifier (Amplifier end), the pre-amp and a series of others.

Signal input Transistor can make a great on the output current can be corroborated, could brupa DC and AC current prinsispnya to use in a transistor amplifier is as "a small current in the base used to control a larger current is given to the collector of the transistor is passing."

This means that when the base current is changed then the reinforcement of the case and the larger currents will flow from collector to emitter, this condition can be described as reinforcement using transistors.

Not only can strengthen signals, can also be used as a transistor amplifier current, voltage amplifier or amplifier power. The following is an illustration of the transistor amplifier circuit as used in the amplifier is simple:

Still remember the principle on the transistor as a switch? , where the condition of the transistor in saturation/arus base that flowed quite large so that the collector and the emitter relate gratitude as a cable connected, whereas at the moment conditions are cut off, the collector and the emitter could relate gratitude as a switch between the collector and the emitter has a very big obstacle, now in use as a transistor amplifier "not" be on the conditions of the two. Or it could be said that the base of the transistor is in the condition between the cut-off and saturation.

In addition to the transistor is able to work with optimum working point of the amplifier with transistor must also be determined, there are several types of amplifier, which is determined by the load line AC/DC:
Amplifier class A amplifier, at this point it works around type landscaped load line.
Class B amplifier has a point of work in areas cut off.
Amplifier class C under the areas cut off.
Amplifier class AB amplifier is a type which is a combination of class A and class B that work interchangeably with NPN and PNP transistor type.

For this type of amplifier types I will explain in more detail at a later time , but the earlier we must understand in advance with work I described transistor as an amplifier of, may be useful

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Light Sensor Components

Light Sensor is a sensor that allows you to detect light and then convert it into signals to electrical signals are then used in a missing that use light as a triggernya.

There are several commonly used light sensors for example LDR (Light Dependent resistor), photo Transistor or a diode and a PhotoTransistor, Photodiode, photo/component this component is widely used in electronic circuits. The following is a more detailed explanation of each light sensor:

LDR

Photo resistor/photoresistor/ LDR is basically a resistor whose resistance value (in ohms) depending upon how much of the light that falls onto the surface of the sensors are.

The workings of this LDR is resistance will increase when it is not exposed to light (night) and will turn into a small resistance when exposed to light (daylight), LDR is typically combined with some transistor for membentul series automatic headlights. Fortunately there is no special code to read the value of the resistor is this light

Photodioda

Photo diodes or commonly referred to as Photodioda is a type of diode component which is capable to detect light. As well as ordinary diodes, this component has a P-N, it's just made sensitive to light.

This type of light can affect the diode of this photo which is infrared light, sunlight, ultra violet and x-rays. The use of the photo diode is very varied, as the countdown the number of vehicles on the highway automatically, as the light meter in digital cameras as well as the sensor on the equipment in the medical field.

Phototransistor

Next is a photo Transistor or Phototransistor. Phototransistor is simple is a bipolar transistor using contact (junction) base-collector who became a surface so that it can receive the light so it could be functioned as light sensor.

Phototransistor has better sensitivity when compared to diodafoto, this is because Electrons are generated by photons of light at the foot of the injeksikan junction in at the Base of the transistor to later reinforced at the foot of C/Kolektornya.

The disadvantage is, the response of the light Sensor Phototransistor will slower compared to a diode-photos.

Rangkaian inverter DC to AC 12V 500Watt

AppId is over the quota

Seperti biasanya, sebuah rangkaian inverter dc to ac memerlukan sebuah IC osilator sebagai pembangkit sinyal persegi yang nantinya akan menghasilkan power AC. Seperti pada rangkaian sebelumnya di skema inverter 40 watt.

Hanya saja perbedaannya kali ini adalah kapasitas power yang lebih besar yaitu 500 watt dengan sumber tegangan tetap 12VDC.

Biasanya rangkaian inverter dc to ac menggunakan ic osilator sebagai komponen utama yang berfungsi sebagai multivibratornya seperti IC 4047 yang digunakan pada di rangkaian inverter 100 watt.

Dengan menggunakan Rangkaian inverter DC to AC ini kita bisa menkonversikan tegangan DC dari baterai aki mobil . aki kering ke tegangan AC 220, sebagai komponen utama digukana IC 4047 yang bisa meng-generate square wave / gelombang persegi untuk selanjutnya diperkuat oleh penguat awal C1061 dan 2N3055 dan penguat akhir 2x2N3055 pada kedua sisinya. Sinyal yang sudah diperkuat ini kemudian diteruskan ke sebuah transformator dengan tegangan 12V CT.

Bagaimana untuk menghitung transformator / kalkulasi trafo yang digunakan dan baterai pada Rangkaian inverter DC to AC ini :

Rumus dasar yang digunakan adalah P=VxI yang berarti daya yang dihasilkan adalah hasil dari tegangan sumber dikalikan dengan arus yang diberikan di input (aki).

Sebagai contoh adalah jika kita ingin keluaran rangkaian sebesar 220 Watt maka paling tidak kita memerlukan arus sekitar 18-20A untuk di inputnya, karena :

12V*18.3 = 220v*1 sesuai dengan rumus VxI=P

Yang perlu diingat rumus diatas hanyalah rumus kasarnya saja, dan karena sinyal output dari IC 4047 masih berupa square dan bukan PWM seperti pada UPS maka Rangkaian inverter DC to AC ini kurang disarankan untuk penggunaan pada perangkat yang sensitif seperti notebook atau komputer.

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